Achilles Tendon Injury

Achilles tendon injuries can be caused by any activity that repeatedly uses the tendon. Increasing the stress on the tendon can cause multiple tiny tears, which lead to inflammation. In more severe injuries, the tendon can rupture, and a snapping noise may even be heard. The following may increase the chances of an Achilles tendon injury:

• Suddenly increasing the intensity or volume of exercise without enough rest in between
• Tight calf muscles, which put extra strain on the Achilles tendon
• Training in inappropriate or poorly-fitted footwear

If you have injured your Achilles tendon you will notice pain and stiffness around the back of your heel and lower calf. It may also be swollen or feel thickened. Upon examination, your specialist will look for these signs, as well as identify the point that is most painful, to make the diagnosis. Imaging is not usually necessary, but an MRI scan might be needed to help plan treatment[2]. 

If your Achilles tendon injury is minor, it can be treated with a combination of rest, anti-inflammatory medicines, and applying ice packs to the area. The injury will usually recover fully within 4-12 weeks[3].

If the Achilles tendon has ruptured, surgery is the most effective way of repairing the tendon. The procedure re-joins the two torn ends of the tendon. Following surgery, a plaster cast or boot will often be used for the first few weeks, and physiotherapy should help to get you back to your normal level function within 3 months.

Achilles tendon ruptures can also be treated without surgery by using a plaster cast or boot, but recovery takes longer and there is a greater chance of the injury re-occurring. Physiotherapy will aid recovery, which should take 3-6 months.